Hard bearing dynamic balancing aircraft is general the research that personal computer changes report to survey a system

Using Advanced Technology Both In Bardware And Software Of The Nineties, this System Aims To Reach The General Goal Of High Precision, multiple Function, easy-to-operate And Lows Cast.

In Order To Meet The Needs Of Different Users, this System Is Designed To Be Applicable Under Different Supporting, displaying And Compensating Modes.

Also, this System Features Averaging Over Tine&Runs, redistribution Of Correction Data Between Multi-planes, data/screen Printing, automatic Calibration And Message To Next Operator Service.

Keywords: ? The spare parts that overview of Computer Control1 of 　 of 　 of Measuring System of 　 of 　 of  Ard Bearing Dynamic Balancing Machine circles calm axis to rotate or component call roll, abbreviation rotor. Distributing when rotor material even, installation is good, roll needs smooth. Below good case, bearing suffers gravity only, rotor roll has dead load only like turning. Distributing when rotor material inhomogenous, installation is improper, make the central principal axes of inertia of rotor and runner shaft coming back not coincide, produce inertial and centrifugal force and centrifugal couple, additional rotational load is caused to call on bearing move load. Have the lopsided rotor of the tie to axis of rotation, dynamic unbalance is caused on bearing move load, what can cause whole a favourable turn coming back to fetters not only is oscillatory, generation noise, increase specific power consumption, still meet those who accelerate bearing wear away, the high frequency exhaustion that causes rotor part is destroyed and bearing casing and certain part force oscillatory attaint, lower the life that a favourable turn coming back fetterses, serious when still can cause grave accident. To rotor of unengaged of axis of rotation (wait like the satellite) , dynamic unbalance will affect his to be in dimensional attitude, affect its job quality then. Because these are lopsided,appear when rotor is rotational, reason needs to undertake metrical when roll commonly, next corrective, because this calls dynamic balancing. Dynamic balancing effect how, want those who be measured systematic precision to restrict greatly. From the cent on the principle, measure a system to be able to be divided for soft bearing dynamic balancing machine is mixed hard bearing dynamic balancing machine. Hard bearing dynamic balancing machine is from the general dynamic balancing with a kind of extensive use that rapid development rises at the beginning of 70 time machine. The M(quality as a result of its demarcate and rotor) with I(moment of inertia) have nothing to do, because this needs demarcate only (and the demarcate coefficient of machine follows soft bearing dynamic balancing the M of rotor with I different, reason when the rotor to different type, need one by one new demarcate) . In recent years, because be improved on the structure ceaselessly, report measures a system to also be perfected increasingly, balance precision rises ceaselessly, add versatility strong, at present besides exceed high speed, high accuracy, small rotor and big batch (like crankshaft) still use soft bearing dynamic balancing evenly outside machine, the others already converted more hard bearing dynamic balancing machine. Dynamic balancing machine divides composition by the following: Machinery is measured brace up system (contain oscillatory sensor and phasic signal generator) , drive system, electron measures system, corrective device and safe guard. Among them, machinery is measured brace up the change such as the system is relatively slow, and report surveys a system development is very rapid however. As a result of personal computer gain ground increasingly, the phone that personal computer converts measures a system to had become domestic and international dynamic balancing the new trend of machine design. This shows, dynamic balancing technology is the sophisticated technology of unifinication of a kind of Electromechanical, also be the crucial technology that restricts machinist estate development, it affects the working quality that all sorts of a favourable turn coming back fetters and life directly. The advanced industry country that is a delegate with Germany studies in dynamic balancing the domain starts early, development is rapid. And although our country starts not late, but as a result of a variety of reasons, progress is slow. The dynamic balancing machine that domestic user uses is more 6, the product seventies, precision difference, breakdown much, benefit is low, affected the development of production and enterprise badly. Large company or national emphasis enterprise cost foreign currency of a huge sum to import dynamic balancing machine in succession. Medium and small businesses because economic reason, can continue to use antiquated product only, such, wasted much precious foreign currency on one hand, still affect the development of machinist job badly on the other hand. In recent years, the design of domestic dynamic balancing machine, production development is very rapid, but taking one with another, one part is the model that introduce abroad to fall into disuse or is about to eliminate, one part is the product that domestic proper motion designs, the function is little, the side such as precision and dependability is not good also, accordingly, research makes advanced dynamic balancing aircraft already became a when machinist industry grows urgent need. To dog the world's advanced dynamic balancing technology, raise domestic report to measure systematic level, the hard software that to dynamic balancing of general hard bearing machine personal computer converts report to survey a system had the writer the research of systematic development, development goes precision all ready of tall, function, operation the simple, report that accords with home to need actually surveys a system -- machine personal computer changes dynamic balancing of CAB792 general hard bearing report surveys a system. The overall design program of 2 systems 2.

The main task that the Electromechanical of dynamic balancing of a few elements of program of 1 influence system surveys a system is measure from machinery brace up the extraction in the contains interference faint dynamic unbalance signal that systematic earning goes to and rotor rotate the amplitude of the useful signal that is the same as frequency and phasic information, cooperate machinery to measure even at the same time brace up the plane that the system solves rotor is detached (solution calculates) and the automatic phasing problem of rotor. This is the basic jumping-off place that our report measures a system to design. This system is move dynamic balancing of hard bearing of sensor of the speed that encircle type to deserve to have machine and the current report that designs technically surveys a system, because this needs to consider the following issue: ① hard bearing dynamic balancing machine is to measure equilibrium machine, accordingly, the direct ratio of lopsided quantity signal that sensor outputs at ω 3(ω -- the) of speed of corner coming back of rotor. The high frequency noise that amplifier of ② mechanical lever outputs. ③ passes the low frequency interference that foundation transmits and transmission interference. The balance rotate speed of ④ rotor accomplishs absolutely stability impossibly. ⑤ wants to consider how to reduce referenced passageway to change to wait to the influence of dc null drift to the interference of small signal passageway and environmental temperature in the process that signal filter wave magnifies. ⑥ is mixed in implementation high accuracy muti_function when this target, should consider how to produce the advantage with hard respective software adequately in order to make the system obtains higher performance/price ratio. 2.

The compositive basis of 2 systems afore-mentioned considerations, designing and decided when compositive system a few more the following principle: Integrator is used 3 times in level of the put before ① in order to eliminate the ω in dynamic unbalance signal the influence of 3. To be when job of high rotate speed, useful signal is unapt too small, the rotate speed of 180 ～ 5000r/min cent becomes interval of 4 rotate speed. Interval of every rotate speed has 3 his integrator. Rotate speed interval in order to regard as fair differentiate than coming, be about to cent of 180 ～ 5000r/min is 180 ～ 387r/min, 388 ～ 1799r/min of 835r/min, 836 ～ and 1800 ～ 5000r/min4 interval. Such, of the demarcate coefficient between photograph adjacent interval fair than will be equal to 10. ② chooses MDAC tape to dog automatically filter. Through reasonable choose RC, make the BW-40db control of hardware is under 2Hz, remove interference of tall, low frequency with benefit system. ③ chooses AD574, accelerate data to gather pace, in order to increase example. Undertake for many times through software average, with reducing close frequency interference and random interference to the greastest extent. ④ chooses IBM-PC to make main engine, below the premise that assures to measure precision, strengthen report to measure systematic function energetically: A variety of a variety of a variety of a variety of a variety of bearing means, indication means, compensation means, gain control means, time are average, start a variety of many average, corrective computation, printout for many times means and automatic demarcate and leave a message the service. Overall block diagram of the system is shown 1 times like the graph. The X1 in the graph, y1, x2, the weight that Y2 shows to two bearing nod lopsided signal to go up in X and Y axis. Graph 1 　 CAB-792 hard bearing current report measures dynamic balancing machine the system faces the certain part in systematic block diagram to make simple introduction below overall block diagram: * dynamic balancing of hard bearing of basis of 3 integral circuit the principle of machine, its place an amplitude and centrifugal force to become direct ratio. The oscillatory signal by that two bearing are in uses sensor of the speed that encircle type check goes out. Accordingly, the oscillatory signal amplitude that measures and the cube that balance rotate speed become direct ratio. Integral circuit is installed 3 times in advanced buy processing, can remove the effect that balances rotate speed. In the meantime, as a result of integral circuit low know character, can restrain high frequency noise, withhold signal of useful low frequency vibration. 3 integral circuit of this system by 3 rank Butterworth is low connect filter to come true. The system divides working rotate speed into archives of 4 rotate speed, corresponding at archives of every rotate speed, have corresponding integrator channel (the cent archives of rotate speed is will come true by hardware) . * is artificial / gain control AGC of 　 of AGC of automatic gain control is for in enlarge many Cheng Fan surrounds a foundation to go up, reduce A/D quantify an error and design. This circuit makes A/D changes precision to be able to make full use of, the index that assures balancing machine not because signal is small and reduce. The gain control of this system can realize the switch of artificial control and automata. Choose usually " automatic gain control " means, should disturb particularly intense and rise and fall bigger when the proposal is chosen " artificial gain control " means. Relevant filter of * 　 MDAC includes to have interference of the signal that is the same as frequency with rotor rotate speed, determinism and random interference in the output signal of sensor of fluctuant balancing machine. One of main tasks that report surveys a system are filter wave: Restrain all sorts of interference, extract useful signal to be the same as the signal of frequency with rotor namely. The bandwidth when designing filter is narrower, detached precision is taller also, at the same time a requirement of current dynamic balancing machine can be below different rotate speed the job; When although be in,some is balanced below specific rotate speed, as a result of all sorts of reasons, rotate speed also can produce certain deflection, asking it is constant is difficult, also be wasteful, accordingly, use in the system dog automatically take a filter. When rotate speed of dynamic balancing engine is not stable, dog the central frequency that takes a filter can dog automatically rotate speed, assure value of useful signal spoke and phasic stability thereby, rise measure precision. As a result of the characteristic of MDAC filter, this system uses wave of MDAC relevant filter. Wave of alleged and relevant filter, it is make choice of 0t of ω of Sin of signal of a pair of orthogonality and Cos ω 0t serve as referenced signal, make signal F(t) parts related to them, the spoke of 0 frequency heft is worth attainable ω and phasic. * consults passageway circuit consults passageway circuit basically includes: ① rotate speed measures circuit; ② supplies the coding circuit of passageway address for 3 integral circuit, in order to control the automatic switch of integrator; ③ is circuit of automatic gain control (AGC) provides tally clock signal, make when photoelectricity pulse has output, allow movement of AGC circuit per sec. ; ④ is MDAC advocate filter wave circuit provides 360f0 and F0 signal, in order to control tally computation, make EPROM can be offerred for MDAC one complete Yu Xian is undee. Change-over circuit of * 　 A/D achieves much point to be in software average (be equivalent to software low connect filter) , this system uses AD574. AD574 is fast 12 successive are approached model A/D converter, it is the A/D converter that at present our country market applies moderate of the most extensive, price. As a result of its piece inside the referenced voltage source that includes high accuracy and clock circuit, this makes it is below the situation that does not need any exterior circuit and clock signal finish all A/D to change a function, application is very convenient. Circuit of interface of system of circuit of * system interface is the share that the information after showing hardware circuit is handled carries ISA bus line and personal computer interface, basically fulfil the following function: ① inputs MDAC advocate the A/D that 4 dc measure missive of filter wave circuit changes an outcome; ② inputs code of rotate speed of 16 binary systems; ③ inputs code of information of 10 systems condition; The address of the multichannel switch before ④ output dominates A/D change-over circuit is piled up; ⑤ outputs 4 artificial / code of automatic gain control and 2 control that are used at leaving a message to serve are piled up; Etc. The purpose that analyses dynamic balancing Electromechanical to measure systematic personal computer to change is not 3 systems software to basically depend on raising balance precision (the to time smooth leveling that comes true with software actually handles the stability that also conduces to reading, reduce reading error thereby; And pass nonlinear the measurement that compensation and other algorithm can improve a system greatly precision, the blemish that compensates hardware circuit) , depend on increasing systematic function however. Change through personal computer can reduce hardware to pay expenses and increase systematic function. Have many hardware functions, if the solution of soft bearing machine calculates, all sorts of the A-b-c-r1-r2 operation of hard bearing machine, compensation (the initial unbalance compensation that is like rotor, systematic error compensation of tool, key compensation and dc null compensation) , smooth leveling processing, data storage, coordinate alternates and, will come true with software more convenient. A few use the function that hardware realizes hard, picturesque Nai chief this special (Byrd of Nyquist) graph, picture (Bode) graph, picture drives for many times measure data article of dispersed graph, graph is printed, operation guideline and handlers leave a message etc, change through personal computer can get easy to doly settlement. The control software of this system is based on this kind of basic principle namely and of the design, its flow block diagram is shown 2 times like the graph, make simple introduction to flow chart below. Graph initialization of ① of 　 of overall block diagram reachs flow of 2 systems software when its move from school software, be opposite above all hardware part (be like 8255 etc) undertake initialization, the condition symbol that uses its itself place has initiative setting, enter a system next from school. System from school is main the desired result that is pair of hardware circuit, whether does judgement hardware work normally. If have trouble, show and submit to the user removes trouble; If do not have breakdown, from school through. The setting of this function, basically be to increase systematic dependability, convenient user is used, safeguard. Of ② rotor file build, revise and deleted rotor file to record the information of overall balance parameter that rotor dynamic balancing wants. The balance of a rotor is measured must be on foundation of its rotor file undertake, this is reach other because of all operation in measuring, compensation special processing (include many corrective consideration) needs parameter is offerred by rotor file and demarcate file. The means of the information that rotor file included the geometrical dimension of the information of dynamic balancing machine, rotor, report to survey a system and balance and state means lopsidedly, rise integratedly have a few more undermentioned respect: Category of rotor file name, dynamic balancing machine (hard bearing / soft bearing) , measure brace up sensor (displacement / speed / force) , rotor bearing means (6 kinds) , A-b-c-r1-r2 dimension, indication mode (front of or so school / accurate static - idol. User basis needs actually, build or alter rotor document. Software will offer items of file of a rotor to record to the user, the user can choose to call some rotor file, also can be built afresh or delete original document. Because this system basically is,for general hard bearing dynamic balancing machine is designed, reason is told commonly, the user needs those who have rotor file to build (new to rotor) , and special user (rotor type is changeless) can choose some file can. Anyhow, all measurement, demarcate function must be over foundation of some rotor file. Additional, because rotor file contained the principal balance information of rotor, revise certain project to will make the sense that the file conveys ulterly changed, software sets countersign inspection, prohibit having nothing to do personnel is revised, delete a file, assure systematic safety. ③ demarcate and measure system of dynamic balancing engine to include machinery to measure brace up system (contain sensor) the whole that measures hardware circuitry with report. Demarcate determines the gain coefficient of the transfer function of whole Electromechanical system and phase shift namely. To hard bearing machine, to reduce principle error, this system was adopted chase paragraph (rotate speed paragraph) the method of demarcate. The unit of demarcate coefficient is G.

Mm/ unit is outputted, can generate automatically by the system. The need when demarcate builds the rotor file of rotor of a demarcate, enter demarcate state next. Choose clavier setting or automatic demarcate according to need. Clavier setting agrees with to make small adjustment to demarcate coefficient, determine each rotate speed paragraph diagnostic frequency (or diagnostic rotate speed) . Automatic demarcate is used demarcate law can eliminate initial unbalance automatically at 2 o'clock, generate demarcate coefficient automatically. No matter clavier setting or automatic mark choose a site for the capital send demarcate coefficient into demarcate file, new demarcate document will be replaced old. Accordingly, this system adds password examination, prohibit having nothing to do personnel undertakes demarcate is operated, assure systematic safety. Measure what module includes pair of lopsided amounts and all sorts of special processing, print and gain control switch. Of lopsided quantity the main task that measuring is this system, also be the main function of systematic software, the gain code of rotate speed of code of information of condition of the lopsided signal that it incorporates to collect hardware system to come, system, balance and gain control circuit; Undertake vector operation, gain operation, nonlinear compensation operation and operation of A-b-c-r1-r2 vector depart; Show lopsided quantity, rotate speed and gain to wait. ④ handles processing 2 times 2 times to include: ① frequency increases advantageous position; The deduction that ② amplifier gain affects; Operation of ③ 　 A-b-c-r1-r2; ④ compensates operation; ⑤ coordinate alternates; Of ⑥ demarcate coefficient be generated automatically and apply; ⑦ is started for many times average; Computation of ⑧ corrective quantity. A-b-c-r1-r2 operation is a basis the indication mode of means of the A-b-c-r1-r2 value in rotor file, bearing and user requirement (front of or so school / accurate static - occasionally / occasionally - accurate static / bearing is dynamic carry on one's shoulder) different, use concerned formula to have operation. Compensation operation basically is used at eliminating error of of all kinds system, basically have: Initial value compensation, key compensation and tool are prejudicial compensation. Through initial value compensation can obtain a lopsided reading to be of 0 " standard " rotor (of rotor actual lopsided quantity is 0) ; The lopsided reading that does not have key axis through bolting compensation can make adds the effect of the lopsided quantity of key automatically; Through tool prejudicial compensation can eliminate dynamic balancing chance tooling (wait like clamping apparatus of craft arbor, balance, shaft coupling) prejudicial (opposite at axis of rotation) the influence of lopsided to rotor quantity. Start the rotor that basically uses a part on average with Yu Yousong for many times (if take the turbine rotor of blade) evenly, as a result of this kind of error causing is random, reason is used for many times start average. Different situation, ask dynamic balancing quantity has different expression means, if polar coordinates, heft is waited a moment, the user can undertake choosing according to his need and requirement, the software general different choice according to rotor file, undertake to counterbalance coordinate alternates, provide direct data to give corrective working procedure, software can ask according to different technology, will lopsided quantity decomposes each plane with corrective need to go up. The fundamental current situation that the article measures a system in the light of Electromechanical of domestic and international dynamic balancing reachs 4 conclusion development trend, the personal computer that offerred a kind to be lead plane with IBM-PC machine changes hard bearing current report measures dynamic balancing machine implementation plan of the system, what pass pair of systems is actual debug and Electromechanical adjustment, proved the feasibility of plan. Systematic measurement rotate speed limits is 180 ～ 5000r/min. Advocate the relevant filter wave that filter uses Composite of advanced MDAC number imitate, dc 0 bleach stability, suffer temperature the impact is little. Buy filter wave uses integrator 3 times before, removed the rotate speed effect to lopsided signal. Automatic gain control uses pure hardware implementation, artificial gain control uses hard software to come true jointly. Rotor rotate speed is measured use gate counting method, accurate, reliable. Measure precision to rise further. Used in systematic software nonlinear compensatory method, in order to eliminate the error that actual integrator linearization introduces. The requirement of circuit parameter configuration as a result of 3 integrator is strict, nonlinear compensatory introduces weakened its former dominant position, the article put forward new before buy filter plan -- dog take a filter, proved the feasibility of this plan in the experiment. The benefit that dynamic balancing Electromechanical measures systematic personal computer to change is apparent, not only the function that enhanced a system with lesser cost, also as a result of all sorts of join on average with what compensate algorithm, rose to measure precision. Achieved the overall goal of high accuracy, muti_function, easy operation and low cost. CNC Milling CNC Machining